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Geoff Nicholls

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Statistical modeling, Bayes Methods, Monte Carlo Methods.

I am an Associate Professor in Statistics at the University of Oxford and a Tutorial Fellow of St Peter’s College. I was Head of the Statistics Department at Oxford from 2012-2015.

Publications

2022

• C. U. Carmona , G. Nicholls , Scalable Semi-Modular Inference with Variational Meta-Posteriors, Apr. 2022.
  
  @article{Carmona2022scalable,
    author = {Carmona, C. U. and Nicholls, G.K.},
    month = apr,
    title = {Scalable Semi-Modular Inference with Variational Meta-Posteriors},
    year = {2022}
  }
  

• G. K. Nicholls , J. E. Lee , C. H. Wu , C. U. Carmona , Valid belief updates for prequentially additive loss functions arising in Semi-Modular Inference, Jan. 2022.
  
  @article{Nicholls2022,
    author = {Nicholls, G. K. and Lee, J. E. and Wu, C. H. and Carmona, C. U.},
    month = jan,
    title = {Valid belief updates for prequentially additive loss functions arising in Semi-Modular Inference},
    year = {2022}
  }
  

2021

• S. Zafar , G. K. Nicholls , Measuring diachronic sense change: new models and Monte Carlo methods for Bayesian inference, arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.00819 JRSSC (\it to appear), 2021.
  

  @article{zafar21,
    title = {Measuring diachronic sense change: new models and {M}onte {C}arlo methods for {B}ayesian inference},
    author = {Zafar, S. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.00819 {JRSSC ({\it to appear})}},
    year = {2021}
  }
  

• J. E. Lee , G. K. Nicholls , Tree based credible set estimation, Statistics and Computing, vol. 31, 69, 2021.
  

  @article{lee21,
    title = {Tree based credible set estimation},
    author = {Lee, J. E. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    journal = {Statistics and Computing},
    pages = {69},
    volume = {31},
    note = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.13837},
    year = {2021}
  }
  

• R. Hu , G. K. Nicholls , D. Sejdinovic , Large Scale Tensor Regression using Kernels and Variational Inference, Machine Learning, 2021.
  
  We outline an inherent weakness of tensor factorization models when latent factors are expressed as a function of side information and propose a novel method to mitigate this weakness. We coin our method Kernel Fried Tensor (KFT) and present it as a large scale forecasting tool for high dimensional data. Our results show superior performance against LightGBM and Field Aware Factorization Machines (FFM), two algorithms with proven track records widely used in industrial forecasting. We also develop a variational inference framework for KFT and associate our forecasts with calibrated uncertainty estimates on three large scale datasets. Furthermore, KFT is empirically shown to be robust against uninformative side information in terms of constants and Gaussian noise.

  @article{HuNicSej2021,
    title = {{{Large Scale Tensor Regression using Kernels and Variational Inference}}},
    author = {Hu, R. and Nicholls, G. K. and Sejdinovic, D.},
    journal = {Machine Learning},
    year = {2021}
  }
  

2020

• H. Xing , G. K. Nicholls , J. E. Lee , Distortion estimates for approximate Bayesian inference, in Proceedings of the 36th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI), 2020, vol. 124, 1208–1217.
  

  @inproceedings{Xing20UAI,
    author = {Xing, H. and Nicholls, G. K. and Lee, J. E.},
    title = {Distortion estimates for approximate {B}ayesian inference},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI)},
    pages = {1208-1217},
    year = {2020},
    volume = {124},
    publisher = {PMLR}
  }
  

• C. Carmona , G. K. Nicholls , Semi-Modular Inference: enhanced learning in multi-modular models by tempering the influence of components, in Proceedings of the Twenty Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, AISTATS, 2020, vol. 108, 4226–4235.
  

  @inproceedings{carmona2020aistats,
    author = {Carmona, C.U. and Nicholls, Geoff K.},
    title = {{S}emi-{M}odular {I}nference: enhanced learning in multi-modular models by tempering the influence of components},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twenty Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, {AISTATS}},
    volume = {108},
    pages = {4226-4235},
    year = {2020},
    publisher = {PMLR}
  }
  

• M. Roeling , G. K. Nicholls , Imputation of attributes in networked data using Bayesian Autocorrelation Regression Models, Social Networks, vol. 62, 24–32, 2020.
  

  @article{roeling20,
    title = {Imputation of attributes in networked data using {B}ayesian Autocorrelation Regression Models},
    journal = {Social Networks},
    volume = {62},
    pages = {24-32},
    year = {2020},
    author = {Roeling, M.P. and Nicholls, G. K.}
  }
  

• M. Moores , G. K. Nicholls , A. Pettitt , K. Mengersen , Scalable Bayesian inference for the inverse temperature of a hidden Potts model, Bayesian Analysis, vol. 15, 1–27, 2020.
  

  @article{moores2018scalable,
    title = {Scalable Bayesian inference for the inverse temperature of a hidden Potts model},
    author = {Moores, M. and Nicholls, G. K. and Pettitt, A. and Mengersen, K.},
    journal = {Bayesian Analysis},
    volume = {15},
    pages = {1-27},
    year = {2020},
    publisher = {International Society for Bayesian Analysis}
  }
  

2019

• T. Cui , C. Fox , G. K. Nicholls , M. O’Sullivan , Using Parallel Markov Chain Monte Carlo to Quantify Uncertainties in Geothermal Reservoir Calibration, International Journal for Uncertainty Quantification, vol. 9, no. 3, 295–310, 2019.
  

  @article{cui2019usingcalibration,
    author = {Cui, T and Fox, C and Nicholls, Geoff K. and O'Sullivan, M.J.},
    journal = {International Journal for Uncertainty Quantification},
    number = {3},
    pages = {295-310},
    title = {Using Parallel Markov Chain Monte Carlo to Quantify Uncertainties in Geothermal Reservoir Calibration},
    volume = {9},
    year = {2019}
  }
  

• J. E. Lee , G. K. Nicholls , R. Ryder , Calibration procedures for approximate Bayesian credible sets, Bayesian Analysis, vol. 14, 1245–1269, 2019.
  

  @article{lee2018calibration,
    title = {Calibration procedures for approximate Bayesian credible sets},
    author = {Lee, J. E. and Nicholls, G. K. and Ryder, R.J.},
    journal = {Bayesian Analysis},
    volume = {14},
    pages = {1245-1269},
    year = {2019},
    publisher = {International Society for Bayesian Analysis}
  }
  

• H. Xing , G. K. Nicholls , J. E. Lee , Calibrated Approximate Bayesian Inference, in Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2019, 9-15 June 2019, Long Beach, California, USA, 2019, 6912–6920.
  

  @inproceedings{XingNL19,
    author = {Xing, H. and Nicholls, G. K. and Lee, J. E.},
    title = {Calibrated Approximate Bayesian Inference},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning,
                   {ICML} 2019, 9-15 June 2019, Long Beach, California, {USA}},
    pages = {6912--6920},
    year = {2019}
  }
  

• E. R. Rodrigues , G. K. Nicholls , M. H. Tarumoto , G. Tzintzun , Using a non-homogeneous Poisson model with spatial anisotropy and change-points to study air pollution data, Environmental and Ecological Statistics, vol. 26, no. 2, 2019.
  
  A non-homogeneous Poisson process is used to study the rate at which a pollutant’s concentration exceeds a given threshold of interest. An anisotropic spatial model is imposed on the parameters of the Poisson intensity function. The main contribution here is to allow the presence of change-points in time since the data may behave differently for different time frames in a given observational period. Additionally, spatial anisotropy is also imposed on the vector of change-points in order to account for the possible correlation between different sites. Estimation of the parameters of the model is performed using Bayesian inference via Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms, in particular, Gibbs sampling and Metropolis-Hastings. The different versions of the model are applied to ozone data from the monitoring network of Mexico City, Mexico. An analysis of the results obtained is also given.

  @article{Rodrigues2019,
    author = {Rodrigues, E. R. and Nicholls, G. K. and Tarumoto, M. H. and Tzintzun, G.},
    issue = {2},
    journal = {Environmental and Ecological Statistics},
    title = {Using a non-homogeneous Poisson model with spatial anisotropy and change-points to study air pollution data},
    volume = {26},
    year = {2019}
  }
  

2017

• A. K. Styring , M. Charles , F. Fantone , M. M. Hald , A. McMahon , R. H. Meadow , G. K. Nicholls , A. K. Patel , M. C. Pitre , A. Smith , A. Sołtysiak , G. Stein11 , J. A. Weber , H. Weiss , A. Bogaard , Isotope evidence for agricultural extensification reveals how the world’s first cities were fed, Nature Plants, vol. 3, 2017.
  

  @article{Styring17,
    author = {Styring, Amy K. and Charles, Michael and Fantone, Federica and Hald, Mette Marie and McMahon, Augusta and Meadow, Richard H. and Nicholls, Geoff K. and Patel, Ajita K. and Pitre, Mindy C. and Smith, Alexia and Sołtysiak, Arkadiusz and Stein11, Gil and Weber, Jill A. and Weiss, Harvey and Bogaard, Amy},
    journal = {Nature Plants},
    volume = {3},
    title = {{Isotope evidence for agricultural extensification reveals how the world’s first cities were fed}},
    year = {2017}
  }
  

• L. J. Kelly , G. K. Nicholls , Lateral transfer in Stochastic Dollo Models, The Annals of Applied Statistics, vol. 11, 1146–1168, 2017.
  

  @article{kelly17,
    author = {Kelly, L. J. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {{Lateral transfer in {S}tochastic {D}ollo {M}odels}},
    volume = {11},
    journal = {The Annals of Applied Statistics},
    pages = {1146 -- 1168},
    year = {2017}
  }
  

2016

• E. Matechou , G. K. Nicholls , B. Morgan , J. Collazo , J. Lyons , Bayesian analysis of Jolly-Seber type models: Incorporating heterogeneity in arrival and departure, Environmental and Ecological Statistics, vol. 23, no. 4, 531–547, 2016.
  

  @article{Matechou2016531,
    author = {Matechou, E. and Nicholls, G. K. and Morgan, B.J.T. and Collazo, J.A. and Lyons, J.E.},
    title = {Bayesian analysis of Jolly-Seber type models: Incorporating heterogeneity in arrival and departure},
    journal = {Environmental and Ecological Statistics},
    year = {2016},
    volume = {23},
    number = {4},
    pages = {531-547},
    doi = {10.1007/s10651-016-0352-0},
    note = {cited By 0},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

2013

• L. Schumacher , G. K. Nicholls , A Cell-Level Mechanism of Contrast Gain Control, arXiv preprint arXiv:1310.5968, 2013.
  

  @article{schumacher2013celllevel,
    title = {A Cell-Level Mechanism of Contrast Gain Control},
    author = {Schumacher, L.J. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    year = {2013},
    journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1310.5968}
  }
  

2012

• G. K. Nicholls , C. Fox , A. Watt , Coupled MCMC with a randomized acceptance probability, arXiv preprint arXiv:1205.6857, 2012.
  

  @article{nicholls2012coupled,
    title = {Coupled MCMC with a randomized acceptance probability},
    author = {Nicholls, G. K. and Fox, C. and Watt, A.M.},
    journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1205.6857},
    year = {2012}
  }
  

2011

• G. K. Nicholls , A. Muir Watt , Partial Order Models for Episcopal Social Status in 12th Century England, in Proceedings of the 26th International Workshop on Statistical Modelling. Valencia (Spain), July 5-11, 2011, 2011, 437–440.
  

  @inproceedings{nicholls122011partial,
    author = {Nicholls, G. K. and Muir Watt, A.},
    title = {Partial Order Models for Episcopal Social Status in 12th Century England},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 26th {I}nternational {W}orkshop on {S}tatistical {M}odelling. {V}alencia ({S}pain), July 5-11, 2011},
    pages = {437-440},
    year = {2011},
    editor = {Conesa, D. and Forte, A. and López-Quílez, A. and Muñoz, F.},
    organization = {Statistical Modelling Society}
  }
  

• R. Ryder , G. K. Nicholls , Missing data in a stochastic Dollo model for binary trait data, and its application to the dating of Proto-Indo-European, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics, vol. 60, no. 1, 71–92, 2011.
  

  @article{Ryder201171,
    author = {Ryder, R.J. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {Missing data in a stochastic Dollo model for binary trait data, and its application to the dating of Proto-Indo-European},
    journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics},
    year = {2011},
    volume = {60},
    number = {1},
    pages = {71-92},
    doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9876.2010.00743.x},
    note = {cited By 7},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

2010

• G. K. Nicholls , P. Nunn , On building and fitting a spatio-temporal change-point model for settlement and growth at Bourewa, Fiji Islands, arXiv preprint arXiv:1006.5575, 2010.
  

  @article{nicholls2010building,
    title = {On building and fitting a spatio-temporal change-point model for settlement and growth at {B}ourewa, {F}iji {I}slands},
    author = {Nicholls, G. K. and Nunn, P.D.},
    journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1006.5575},
    year = {2010}
  }
  

2009

• D. Roy , G. K. Nicholls , C. Fox , Imaging convex quadrilateral inclusions in uniform conductors from electrical boundary measurements, Statistics and Computing, vol. 19, no. 1, 17–26, 2009.
  

  @article{Roy200917,
    author = {Roy, D. and Nicholls, G. K. and Fox, C.},
    title = {Imaging convex quadrilateral inclusions in uniform conductors from electrical boundary measurements},
    journal = {Statistics and Computing},
    year = {2009},
    volume = {19},
    number = {1},
    pages = {17-26},
    doi = {10.1007/s11222-008-9064-0},
    note = {cited By 2},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

2008

• G. K. Nicholls , Horses or farmers? The tower of Babel and confidence in trees, Significance, vol. 5, no. 3, 112–117, 2008.
  

  @article{Nicholls2008112,
    author = {Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {Horses or farmers? The tower of Babel and confidence in trees},
    journal = {Significance},
    year = {2008},
    volume = {5},
    number = {3},
    pages = {112-117},
    doi = {10.1111/j.1740-9713.2008.00305.x},
    note = {cited By 1},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• G. K. Nicholls , R. Gray , Dated ancestral trees from binary trait data and their application to the diversification of languages, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B: Statistical Methodology, vol. 70, no. 3, 545–566, 2008.
  

  @article{Nicholls2008545,
    author = {Nicholls, G. K. and Gray, R.D.},
    title = {Dated ancestral trees from binary trait data and their application to the diversification of languages},
    journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B: Statistical Methodology},
    year = {2008},
    volume = {70},
    number = {3},
    pages = {545-566},
    doi = {10.1111/j.1467-9868.2007.00648.x},
    note = {cited By 21},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

2005

• Q. Atkinson , G. K. Nicholls , D. Welch , R. Gray , From words to dates: Water into wine, mathemagic or phylogenetic inference?, Transactions of the Philological Society, vol. 103, no. 2, 193–219, 2005.
  

  @article{Atkinson2005193,
    author = {Atkinson, Q. and Nicholls, G. K. and Welch, D. and Gray, R.},
    title = {From words to dates: Water into wine, mathemagic or phylogenetic inference?},
    journal = {Transactions of the Philological Society},
    year = {2005},
    volume = {103},
    number = {2},
    pages = {193-219},
    doi = {10.1111/j.1467-968X.2005.00151.x},
    note = {cited By 40},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• D. Welch , G. K. Nicholls , A. Rodrigo , W. Solomon , Integrating genealogy and epidemiology: The ancestral infection and selection graph as a model for reconstructing host virus histories, Theoretical Population Biology, vol. 68, no. 1, 65–75, 2005.
  

  @article{Welch200565,
    author = {Welch, D. and Nicholls, G. K. and Rodrigo, A. and Solomon, W.},
    title = {Integrating genealogy and epidemiology: The ancestral infection and selection graph as a model for reconstructing host virus histories},
    journal = {Theoretical Population Biology},
    year = {2005},
    volume = {68},
    number = {1},
    pages = {65-75},
    doi = {10.1016/j.tpb.2005.03.003},
    note = {cited By 8},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• I. McKeague , G. K. Nicholls , K. Speer , R. Herbei , Statistical inversion of South Atlantic circulation in an abyssal neutral density layer, Journal of Marine Research, vol. 63, no. 4, 683–704, 2005.
  

  @article{McKeague2005683,
    author = {McKeague, I.W. and Nicholls, G. K. and Speer, K. and Herbei, R.},
    title = {Statistical inversion of South Atlantic circulation in an abyssal neutral density layer},
    journal = {Journal of Marine Research},
    year = {2005},
    volume = {63},
    number = {4},
    pages = {683-704},
    doi = {10.1357/0022240054663240},
    note = {cited By 21},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

2004

• G. Ewing , G. K. Nicholls , A. Rodrigo , Using temporally spaced sequences to simultaneously estimate migration rates, mutation rate and population sizes in measurably evolving populations, Genetics, vol. 168, no. 4, 2407–2420, 2004.
  

  @article{Ewing20042407,
    author = {Ewing, G. and Nicholls, G. K. and Rodrigo, A.},
    title = {Using temporally spaced sequences to simultaneously estimate migration rates, mutation rate and population sizes in measurably evolving populations},
    journal = {Genetics},
    year = {2004},
    volume = {168},
    number = {4},
    pages = {2407-2420},
    doi = {10.1534/genetics.104.030411},
    note = {cited By 25},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• A. Mira , G. K. Nicholls , Bridge estimation of the probability density at a point, Statistica Sinica, vol. 14, no. 2, 603–612, 2004.
  

  @article{Mira2004603,
    author = {Mira, A. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {Bridge estimation of the probability density at a point},
    journal = {Statistica Sinica},
    year = {2004},
    volume = {14},
    number = {2},
    pages = {603-612},
    note = {cited By 16},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

2002

• M. Jones , G. K. Nicholls , New radiocarbon calibration software, Radiocarbon, vol. 44, no. 3, 663–674, 2002.
  

  @article{Jones2002663,
    author = {Jones, M. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {New radiocarbon calibration software},
    journal = {Radiocarbon},
    year = {2002},
    volume = {44},
    number = {3},
    pages = {663-674},
    note = {cited By 23},
    document_type = {Conference Paper},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• A. Drummond , G. K. Nicholls , A. Rodrigo , W. Solomon , Estimating mutation parameters, population history and genealogy simultaneously from temporally spaced sequence data, Genetics, vol. 161, no. 3, 1307–1320, 2002.
  

  @article{Drummond20021307,
    author = {Drummond, A.J. and Nicholls, G. K. and Rodrigo, A.G. and Solomon, W.},
    title = {Estimating mutation parameters, population history and genealogy simultaneously from temporally spaced sequence data},
    journal = {Genetics},
    year = {2002},
    volume = {161},
    number = {3},
    pages = {1307-1320},
    note = {cited By 606},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• S. Holdaway , P. Fanning , M. Jones , J. Shiner , D. Witter , G. K. Nicholls , Variability in the chronology of late Holocene aboriginal occupation on the arid margin of Southeastern Australia, Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 29, no. 4, 351–363, 2002.
  

  @article{Holdaway2002351,
    author = {Holdaway, S.J. and Fanning, P.C. and Jones, M. and Shiner, J. and Witter, D.C. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {Variability in the chronology of late Holocene aboriginal occupation on the arid margin of Southeastern Australia},
    journal = {Journal of Archaeological Science},
    year = {2002},
    volume = {29},
    number = {4},
    pages = {351-363},
    doi = {10.1006/jasc.2002.0719},
    note = {cited By 48},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

2001

• G. K. Nicholls , M. Jones , Radiocarbon dating with temporal order constraints, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics, vol. 50, no. 4, 503–521, 2001.
  

  @article{Nicholls2001503,
    author = {Nicholls, G. K. and Jones, M.},
    title = {Radiocarbon dating with temporal order constraints},
    journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C: Applied Statistics},
    year = {2001},
    volume = {50},
    number = {4},
    pages = {503-521},
    note = {cited By 38},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• M. Jones , G. K. Nicholls , Reservoir offset models for radiocarbon calibration, Radiocarbon, vol. 43, no. 1, 119–124, 2001.
  

  @article{Jones2001119,
    author = {Jones, M. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {Reservoir offset models for radiocarbon calibration},
    journal = {Radiocarbon},
    year = {2001},
    volume = {43},
    number = {1},
    pages = {119-124},
    note = {cited By 16},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• G. K. Nicholls , Spontaneous magnetization in the plane, Journal of Statistical Physics, vol. 102, no. 5-6, 1229–1251, 2001.
  

  @article{Nicholls20011229,
    author = {Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {Spontaneous magnetization in the plane},
    journal = {Journal of Statistical Physics},
    year = {2001},
    volume = {102},
    number = {5-6},
    pages = {1229-1251},
    doi = {10.1023/A:1004888211837},
    note = {cited By 6},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

2000

• C. Fox , G. K. Nicholls , M. Palm , Efficient solution of boundary-value problems for image reconstruction via sampling, Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol. 9, no. 3, 251–259, 2000.
  

  @article{Colin2000251,
    author = {Fox, C. and Nicholls, G. K. and Palm, M.},
    title = {Efficient solution of boundary-value problems for image reconstruction via sampling},
    journal = {Journal of Electronic Imaging},
    year = {2000},
    volume = {9},
    number = {3},
    pages = {251-259},
    note = {cited By 4},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

1999

• C. Fox , M. Palm , G. K. Nicholls , Efficient, exact PDE solutions for MCMC, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1999, vol. 3816, 23–30.
  

  @conference{Fox199923,
    author = {Fox, Colin and Palm, Mathias and Nicholls, Geoff K.},
    title = {Efficient, exact PDE solutions for MCMC},
    journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering},
    year = {1999},
    volume = {3816},
    pages = {23-30},
    note = {cited By 0},
    document_type = {Conference Paper},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

1998

• G. K. Nicholls , Bayesian image analysis with Markov chain Monte Carlo and coloured continuum triangulation models, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B: Statistical Methodology, vol. 60, no. 3, 643–659, 1998.
  

  @article{Nicholls1998643,
    author = {Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {Bayesian image analysis with Markov chain Monte Carlo and coloured continuum triangulation models},
    journal = {Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B: Statistical Methodology},
    year = {1998},
    volume = {60},
    number = {3},
    pages = {643-659},
    note = {cited By 17},
    document_type = {Article},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• C. Fox , G. K. Nicholls , Physically based likelihood for ultrasound imaging, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1998, vol. 3459, 92–99.
  

  @conference{Fox199892,
    author = {Fox, C. and Nicholls, G. K.},
    title = {Physically based likelihood for ultrasound imaging},
    journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering},
    year = {1998},
    volume = {3459},
    pages = {92-99},
    doi = {10.1117/12.323788},
    note = {cited By 2},
    document_type = {Conference Paper},
    source = {Scopus}
  }
  

• G. K. Nicholls , C. Fox , Prior modeling and posterior sampling in impedance imaging, in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1998, vol. 3459, 116–127.
  

  @conference{Nicholls1998116,
    author = {Nicholls, G. K. and Fox, C.},
    title = {Prior modeling and posterior sampling in impedance imaging},
    journal = {Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering},
    year = {1998},
    volume = {3459},
    pages = {116-127},
    doi = {10.1117/12.323791},
    note = {cited By 28},
    document_type = {Conference Paper},
    source = {Scopus}
  }